Methodology

Where the numbers come from and what each one means

Data

Every number starts in the ISU results pages and the judges' detail protocols (PDF) for 44 events since 2022/23: the Grand Prix series, the Grand Prix Final, Europeans, Four Continents, Worlds and the Olympics. We read 25,658 elements with base value, GOE and every judge's mark, and check that each skater's elements add up to the technical score in the protocol. Anything that does not add up is held back rather than published.

During an event the data refreshes several times a day; between events, once a day.

Two kinds of numbers

ISU scores Totals, segment scores, TES, PCS, deductions, element values and judges' marks. These are copied as published.

GOE Index metric The rating, percentiles, predicted places and anything else we calculate. These are ours, not the ISU's.

Metrics on skater pages

GOE Index rating
Expected total at the next event. Full method and test results.
Free skate base value
Average planned difficulty: the sum of element base values in the free skate, including the second-half bonus, over the last 12 months.
Quads per free skate
Quadruple jumps attempted per free skate, counting jumps inside combinations, over the last 12 months.
Components, free skate
Average program component score in the free skate.
Elements without negative GOE
Share of all elements, both programs, with a GOE of zero or better.
Average GOE on jumps
Mean GOE in points across all jump elements.

Percentiles compare a skater with everyone currently in the rating for the same discipline. 50 is the middle of the field; 90 means better than 90% of rated skaters.

Predicted places

On event pages, “Exp.” is the place each skater would have finished if everyone scored their rating from the day before the event. “Head-to-heads called” counts the pairs of rated skaters whose order the rating got right.